Zithunzi za CNC ndi makina apakompyuta oyendetsedwa ndi manambala, omwe amabwera ndi nkhwangwa 3, 4 kapena 5 kuti agwire ntchito yopera nthawi imodzi.
Makina opangira mphero a CNC ndi makina opangira zitsulo olondola kwambiri okhala ndi spindle yothamanga kwambiri, injini yamphamvu kwambiri ya servo komanso kapangidwe ka bedi lamakina olemera, omwe amagwira ntchito mofanana ndi CNC pakati Machining ndipo amatha kupanga makina apakati a mphero, kubowola, kusangalatsa, kubwezeretsa ndi kugogoda.
Makina a CNC mphero amagwiritsa ntchito kompyuta kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito, kuyendetsa makinawo kuti agwire ntchito, ndikukwaniritsa ntchito yomaliza ya mphero. Choncho, ngati oyamba akufuna kuphunzira momwe angagwiritsire ntchito mosavuta CNC mphero, ayenera kukhala ndi chidziwitso china cha makompyuta ndi CNC.
Atsopano akuvutika ndi njira zoyenera zogwirira ntchito, ndipo makina a CNC akungoyendayenda mumsewu wopita patsogolo. Momwe mungapezere malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito bwino?
Nazi njira 9 zosavuta kutsatira kugwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC mphero mosavuta, kaya ndinu woyamba kapena katswiri.
Njira Zogwiritsira Ntchito Makina a CNC
Khwerero 1. Tembenukirani ku malo ofotokozera
Khwerero 2. Sunthani tebulo la makina pakati pa makina (kanikizani fungulo loipa, mwinamwake lidzadutsa), ndikuyika chogwirira ntchito patebulo.
Khwerero 3. Gwiritsani ntchito chizindikiro choyimba kuti mugwirizane, ndiyeno sungani chogwiritsira ntchito (ngati chogwiritsira ntchito chikuloleza, chikhoza kugayidwa pambuyo pa clamping, ndiye kuti chizindikiro choyimba sichigwiritsidwanso ntchito kuti chigwirizane); ngati mugwiritsa ntchito pliers ya mphuno yathyathyathya, muyenera kuwongolera nsagwada.
Khwerero 4. Kuyika kwa chida: spindle ili ndi chida chokhazikitsa chida, spindle imazungulira kutsogolo (chida cha photoelectric chida chokhazikitsira sichizungulira), 1st X chikhazikitso chida chowongolera, tembenuzani (atolankhani) mawonekedwe ogwiritsira ntchito ku gudumu lamanja, 1 kusuntha chida kumapeto kumanja kwa workpiece, ndiye- Pang'onopang'ono kuyandikira workpiece mu njira ya X mpaka ikhale yolondola, ikani njira ya X mpaka ikhale yolondola (ZX) ndi X malangizo, ndiyeno kusuntha chida kumapeto kumanzere workpiece, ndiye pang`onopang`ono kuyandikira workpiece mu + X malangizo mpaka molondola, kwezani chida mu Z malangizo (Simungakhoze kusuntha mu X malangizo), kumbukirani wachibale kugwirizana mtengo mu X malangizo pa nthawi ino, mugawane ndi 2 kuti mtengo, ndiyeno kusuntha mtengo + X malangizo, lembani makina kugwirizana pa nthawi ino molondola, ndi lembani dongosolo ntchito molondola.
Khwerero 5. Mwanjira iyi, ikani chidacho mu njira ya Y kuchokera ku + Y kupita ku -Y.
Khwerero 6. Z-direction tool setting: gwiritsani ntchito choyezera, ndodo yoyezera, Z-direction setting tool, etc. kuti muyike chidacho, pambuyo polondola, onjezerani mtengo wolakwika pamtengo wamakono wa makina ogwirizanitsa (feeler gauge, ndodo yoyezera, Z-direction setting device, etc.) Makulidwe amadzazidwa mu workpiece coordinate system.
Khwerero 7. Ngati mukuyendetsa pulogalamu yosinthidwa pamanja, muyeneranso kudzaza mtengo wa chiwongola dzanja mu chipukuta misozi.
Khwerero 8. Yambitsani mapulogalamu amanja: imbani pulogalamuyo, dinani zokha, dinani gawo limodzi, kenako dinani kuzungulira kuti muyambe.
Khwerero 9. Thamangani mapulogalamu odzipangira okha: dinani DNC (Direct Numerical Control), kanikizani gawo limodzi, kanikizani kuzungulira kuti muyambe, ndi pulogalamu yolumikizirana pa PC atolankhani kutumiza.
CNC Milling Machine Operating Malamulo
⇲ Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kudziwa bwino kapangidwe ka makina, kapangidwe ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka makina a CNC mphero omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito, ndikugwira ntchito mosamalitsa malinga ndi zofunikira za bukhu la makina ogwiritsira ntchito, ndikuyesera kupewa zolephera zomwe zimachitika chifukwa chogwiritsa ntchito molakwika.
⇲ Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chida cha makina, valani moyenera momwe mukufunikira.
⇲ Chotsani zopinga ndi zida zoyezera pa benchi yogwirira ntchito, njanji yolondolera, malo otsetsereka, ndi zina zambiri musanayambe, ndipo chotsani chida chomangira munthawi yake. Yang'anani ngati makina, ma hydraulic, pneumatic ndi zogwirira ntchito zina, ma valve, masiwichi, ndi zina zotero zili pamalo osagwira ntchito, ndipo fufuzani ngati chogwirizira mpeni chili pamalo osagwira ntchito. Onani ngati mafuta omwe ali m'bokosi ali mkati mwa sikelo yotchulidwa, ndikuwonjezera mafuta molingana ndi tchati chopaka mafuta kapena buku.
⇲ Yatsani ndikuzimitsa motsatizana, yatsani makina a CNC 1 ndikuyatsa makina a CNC, zimitsani CNC system 1 ndikuzimitsa chida cha makina.
⇲ Mukayatsa makinawo, bwererani kumalo ofotokozera kuti mukhazikitse makina olumikizirana.
⇲ Mukasuntha tebulo pamanja motsatira mbali ya X ndi Y, olamulira a Z ayenera kukhala pamalo otetezeka a H8, ndipo samalani kuti muwone ngati chidacho chikuyenda bwino pakuyenda.
⇲ Khazikitsani chidacho molondola, dziwani makina ogwiritsira ntchito, ndikuwona zomwe zalembedwa.
⇲ Pulogalamuyi ikalowa, iyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala, kuphatikiza kuwunika nambala, malangizo, adilesi, mtengo, chizindikiritso, mfundo ya decimal ndi chilankhulo kuti zitsimikizire kuti ndizolondola.
⇲ Pulogalamuyo ikatha, musanayambe kudula, fufuzaninso ngati pulogalamuyo, chida, zida, zogwirira ntchito, magawo, ndi zina ndizolondola.
⇲ Chiwongola dzanja chikalowa, nambala yolipira chida, mtengo wolipirira, chikwangwani, ndi mfundo ya decimal ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa mosamala.
⇲ Gwirani ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zodula malinga ndi malamulo ndi ndondomeko zaukadaulo. Musanayambe kupanga makina ovomerezeka, mapulogalamu omwe adalowetsedwa ndi magawo ayenera kufufuzidwa mosamala, ndipo kuyesa kwa pulogalamuyo kuyenera kuchitidwa pofuna kupewa kugundana pakati pa chida ndi workpiece panthawi yokonza ndi kuwonongeka kwa chida cha makina ndi chida.
⇲ Mukamanga chinthucho, fufuzani ngati jig ikusokoneza kayendedwe ka chida.
⇲ Panthawi yoyeserera, chosinthira cha feedrate override chiyenera kusinthidwa kukhala zida zotsika. Pamene chida chikupita ku workpiece 30-50mm, ikuyenera kukhala pansi kuti iwonetsetse ngati makonda otsala a Z ndi X ndi Y akugwirizana ndi data ya pulogalamuyo.
⇲ Mukanola chidacho ndikusintha chidacho, kutalika kwa chida kumayenera kuyezedwanso ndikusintha mtengo wake ndi nambala yosinthira chida.
⇲ Pulogalamuyo ikawunikiridwanso, gawo lomwe lakonzedwanso liyenera kuwerengedwa mosamala ndikufufuzidwa bwino.
⇲ Mukamagwiritsa ntchito chakudya mosalekeza, muyenera kuyang'ana ngati malo omwe mwasankhidwa ndi masiwichi osiyanasiyana ali olondola, dziwani mbali zabwino ndi zoyipa, ndiyeno muzichita.
⇲ Lolani makinawo kuti azigwira ntchito kwa mphindi zopitilira 15 mutayatsa kuti makinawo athe kutenthetsa.
⇲ Mukamaliza kukonza, sunthani nkhwangwa za X, Y, ndi Z pamalo apakati a sitiroko, ndipo ikani liwiro la spindle ndi kuchuluka kwa chakudya chowongolera masiwichi kupita kumalo otsika kuti muteteze chida cha makina kuti chitha kugwira ntchito molakwika chifukwa cha misoperation.
⇲ Mukapeza zovuta pakugwiritsa ntchito chida cha makina, batani lofiira lofiira liyenera kukanidwa nthawi yomweyo kuti liyimitse mayendedwe ndi magwiridwe antchito a makina. Pambuyo pothetsa mavuto, makinawo akhoza kuyendetsedwanso ndipo pulogalamuyo ikhoza kuchitidwa.
⇲ Mukatsitsa ndikutsitsa mpeni, gwirani chogwirira kaye, kenako dinani chosinthira chosinthira; pakuyika chidacho, masulani chogwiriracho mutatsimikizira kuti chidacho chili pansi ndikumangika. Ndizoletsedwa kuyendetsa spindle panthawi ya kusintha kwa chida.
⇲ Alamu ya chida cha makina ikachitika, chifukwa chake chiyenera kudziwitsidwa potengera nambala ya alamu ndikuchotsedwa munthawi yake.
⇲ Ndi chilolezo cha aphunzitsi, disk ya U (hard) ndi CD-ROM siziloledwa kulowetsedwa mu kompyuta yolumikizidwa ndi chida cha makina a CNC, ndipo sikuloledwa kusintha kapena kuchotsa mapulogalamu omwe ali pakompyuta.
⇲ Mukamaliza kukonza, yeretsani malowo, yeretsani zitsulo zachitsulo CNC makina chida, pukutani njanji, mafuta ndi kupewa dzimbiri.
Zinthu Zoganizira
Mwachidule, kukhala waluso pakugwiritsa ntchito makina a CNC mphero sizinthu zomwe zitha kutheka usiku umodzi. Pamafunika anasonkhanitsa ntchito zothandiza pakapita nthawi kusintha kuchokera novice kuti odziwa katswiri. Onetsetsani kuti musamafulumire kupambana mwamsanga.
