Ma CNC Routers Okhazikika okhala ndi Chida Chosinthira Bajeti Iliyonse

Tanthauzo

Automatic Tool Changer ndi chida chosinthira, kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa zida pakati pa spindle ndi magazini ya chida. Automatic Tool Changer ndi dzina lathunthu la ATC mu makina a CNC.

Makina osinthira zida amayendetsa makina a CNC ndikugwira ntchito mosalekeza, ndiye kuti, njira iliyonse ikamalizidwa, chida chatsopano chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito potsatira chimangosinthidwa kukhala chopondera, ndipo chopondera chimanyamula chida, kusinthana kwa zida nthawi zambiri kumamalizidwa ndi machitidwe ogwirizana a manipulator, magazini ndi spindle.

Poyerekeza ndi ma spindle CNC routers, ATC imangofunika spindle imodzi pamutu, zigawo za spindle zimakhala ndi zolimba zokwanira kuti zikwaniritse zofunikira za makina olondola osiyanasiyana. Kuphatikiza apo, magazini yachida imatha kusunga zida zambiri zopangira masitepe ambiri azinthu zovuta, zomwe zimatha kusintha kwambiri kusinthika komanso kukonza bwino kwa zida zamakina. Dongosolo la ATC lili ndi magawo awiri: magazini ya zida ndi chida chosinthira chida chodziwikiratu. Lili ndi ubwino waukulu wa 2: 2st ndi chakuti nsonga imodzi yokha ndiyomwe imasungidwa, yomwe imakhala yopindulitsa kuti ikhale yosavuta kupanga ndondomeko ya spindle ndikuwongolera kulimba kwa spindle; 1 ndi kuti chiwerengero chachikulu cha ma rauta ang'onoang'ono okhala ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ndi ntchito zitha kusungidwa mulaibulale, yomwe ndi yabwino kumaliza njira zosiyanasiyana zovuta komanso zingapo.

Chida chosinthira chida chokhazikika chimapangidwa ndi magazini ya zida, makina osankha zida, makina osinthira zida ndi magawo ena, ndipo kapangidwe kake ndizovuta kwambiri. Ndi udindo posamutsa pang'ono pakati pa magazini ndi opota, kukankhira pang'ono kuti ntchito ku spindle, ndiyeno kutumiza pang'ono m'malo kubwerera magazini mkati. Ngakhale kuti njira yosinthirayi siinali yowongoka ngati yapitayi, imapewa magazini ndi spindle kuti isasunthike posintha zida, ndipo m'malo mwake imasinthidwa ndi makina osinthira zida. Mwa njira iyi, kusuntha kwa zigawo zamakina kumachepetsedwa, kusintha kumatsirizidwa mofulumira, ndipo mapangidwe apangidwe amakhalanso osinthasintha.

ntchito Mfundo

Mu makina osinthira chida chodziwikiratu, chipangizo chomwe chimazindikira kusamutsa ndi kutsitsa ndikutsitsa chida pakati pa magazini ndi spindle chimatchedwa chosinthira chida. Pali njira ziwiri zosinthira zida: kayendedwe ka magazini ndi spindle, ndi manipulator. Chipangizo chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito kusuntha kwachibale kwa magazini ndi spindle kuti azindikire kusinthanitsa kwa chida ayenera 2 kubwereranso chida chogwiritsidwa ntchito m'magazini pamene akusintha chida, ndiyeno mutenge chida chatsopano m'magazini. Zochita za 1 sizingachitike nthawi imodzi, ndipo chida chimasintha nthawi yayitali.

Komabe, chosinthira chida chowongolera chimatha kugwira ndikutsitsa ndikutsitsa timabowo ta spindle ndi magazini nthawi yomweyo pakusintha, kotero kuti nthawi yosintha imafupikitsidwa. Njira yosinthira zida pogwiritsa ntchito loboti ndiyomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti chowongoleracho chimatha kusintha, kuchitapo kanthu mwachangu, komanso kuphweka. Wowongolera amatha kumaliza zinthu zingapo monga kugwira - kujambula - kutembenuza - kulowetsa - kubwerera. Pofuna kuteteza pang'ono kuti zisagwe, claw yosunthika ya manipulator ili ndi makina odzitsekera okha.

Mawonekedwe & Ubwino

Makina osinthira zida zamphamvu kwambiri amatengedwa, ndikuchita bwino koyambira komanso torque yayikulu, yomwe imatha kusewera kwathunthu pazabwino zamakina othamanga komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri. Imatengera ma servo motor okwera kwambiri opangidwa ku Japan, omwe ali ndi maubwino aphokoso lotsika, kuthamanga kwambiri komanso kulondola kwamayendedwe apamwamba. Wokhala ndi chida chapadera cha magazini, mutha kusinthanitsa ma bits ofunikira a rauta mwakufuna kwanu. Nthawi yosintha chida imangotenga masekondi angapo. Magazini yachida yokhazikika imabwera ndi zida 8, ndipo magazini yokulirapo ya chida imatha kusinthidwa mwamakonda.

ndalama

Mtengo wa makina a ATC (Automatic Tool Changer) CNC rauta amatha kusiyanasiyana kutengera zomwe makinawo akufuna, kukula kwake, mawonekedwe ake, ndi mtundu wake, kuyambira mozungulira. $10,800 mpaka kumapeto $100,000. Kulowa-level hobby ATC CNC rauta zida mtengo avareji $12,000, pamene matebulo ena apamwamba a mafakitale ATC CNC router omwe ali ndi luso lapamwamba, malo akuluakulu ogwira ntchito, ndi zina zowonjezera zimakhala zodula. Zonsezi, mtengo wapakati wogula rauta ya ATC CNC yokhala ndi chosinthira zida uli pafupi $16,000. Ndibwino kuti mufunsane ndi opanga kapena ogulitsa kuti mupeze mitengo yeniyeni malinga ndi zosowa zanu.

Amisiri ambiri amafunitsitsa kukhala ndi rauta ya ATC CNC, koma ena a iwo sadziwa kuti zimawononga ndalama zingati kukweza makina wamba a CNC okhala ndi zida zosinthira zida. Malinga ndi lipoti la msika wa 2026 wamakampani a CNC, muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito zina $3,000 ku $8,000 pamwamba pa makina okhazikika ngati mukufuna DIY.

zofunika

mitundu

Osintha zida zokha amagawidwa m'mitundu itatu yodziwika bwino: mtundu wa mzere, mtundu wa ng'oma, ndi mtundu wa unyolo, tidzawawonetsa m'modzim'modzi.

Mtundu wa Linear

Uwu ndi mtundu wosinthira pamizere, womwe umagwiritsa ntchito magazini okhala ndi zida 4 mpaka 12. Imawonetsedwa ndikusintha zida mwachangu komanso zosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito.

Mtundu wa Drum

Uwu ndi mtundu wa chosinthira chozungulira, chomwe chimatchedwanso CTM mtundu wa ATC ndi disk mtundu wa ATC. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magazini okhala ndi zida 8 mpaka 20.

Mtundu wa Chain

Izo ntchito ofukula CNC makina ndi m'munsi chida kusintha liwiro. Zapangidwira magazini okhala ndi zida zopitilira 30, zomwe zimakhala ndi zida zabwino kwambiri zonyamulira.

Momwe Mungasinthire Chida mu CNC Machining?

Chida cha Rotary

Rotary tool post ndi imodzi mwazosintha zosavuta, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito mu CNC lathes. Itha kupangidwa mosiyanasiyana monga masikweya, hexagonal kapena chimbale mtundu axial chida kupuma. Zida zinayi, 6 kapena kupitilira apo zimayikidwa pa chotengera chozungulira, ndipo ma bits amasinthidwa molingana ndi malangizo a chipangizo chowongolera manambala. Chogwirizira chida chozungulira chiyenera kukhala ndi mphamvu zabwino komanso kusasunthika pamapangidwe kuti athe kupirira kukana kudula pakupanga makina ovuta. Popeza kutembenuza makina olondola makamaka zimadalira malo a chida nsonga, kwa makompyuta manambala kulamulira lathes, chida udindo si kusinthidwa pamanja pa ndondomeko Machining, choncho m'pofunika kwambiri kusankha odalirika malo chiwembu ndi wololera udindo dongosolo kuonetsetsa chida chozungulira. Pambuyo pa indexing iliyonse, choyikapo chimakhala ndi kubwereza kobwerezabwereza kwapamwamba kwambiri (nthawi zambiri 0.001-0.005mm). Nthawi zambiri, kusintha kwa chogwirizira kumaphatikizapo kukweza chogwirizira, indexing holder ndi kukanikiza kwa chogwirizira.

Kusintha Mutu wa Spindle

Kusintha kwa chida cha spindle ndi njira yosavuta yosinthira chida pamakina a CNC okhala ndi zida zozungulira. Mutu wa spindle uwu kwenikweni ndi magazini ya chida cha turret. Pali mitundu iwiri ya mitu ya spindle: yopingasa komanso yoyima. Nthawi zambiri, indexing ya turret imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa spindle kuti izindikire kusintha kwa chida. Pa spindle iliyonse ya turret, zida zozungulira zomwe zimafunikira panjira iliyonse zimayikidwatu. Lamulo losintha chida likaperekedwa, mutu uliwonse wa spindle umatembenukira kumalo opangirako, ndipo kusuntha kwakukulu kumayatsidwa, kotero kuti spindle yofananira imayendetsa pang'onopang'ono. Ma spindles ena omwe ali m'malo osapanga makina amachotsedwa pamayendedwe akulu. Chida chosinthira chida cha spindle chimasunga zovuta zingapo monga kumasula zokha, kukanikiza, kutsitsa, kutsitsa ndi kutsitsa, potero kufupikitsa nthawi yosintha ndikuwongolera kudalirika kwakusintha. Komabe, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa malo, kukula kwapangidwe kwa zigawo za spindle sikungakhale kwakukulu, motero kumakhudza kulimba kwa dongosolo la spindle. Pofuna kutsimikizira kulimba kwa spindle, chiwerengero cha spindle chiyenera kukhala chochepa, mwinamwake kukula kwake kudzawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, mutu wa turret spindle nthawi zambiri umakhala woyenera pamakina omwe ali ndi njira zochepa komanso zofunikira zochepa, monga kubowola manambala apakompyuta ndi makina amphero.

Automatic Tool Kusintha System

Popeza chopumira cha rotary chida komanso chosinthira mutu wa turret sichingathe kukhala ndi ma bits ambiri, sangathe kukwaniritsa zosowa za magawo ovuta. Choncho, ATC CNC makina makamaka ntchito osintha basi ndi magazini zida. Chipangizo chomwe chili ndi magazini ya chida chimakhala ndi magazini ndi chida chosinthira chida, ndipo kusintha kumakhala kovuta kwambiri. Choyamba, zitsulo zonse zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga makina ziyenera kuikidwa pa chogwiritsira ntchito, ndipo mutatha kusintha kukula kunja kwa makina, muziyika m'magazini mwanjira inayake. Posintha, choyamba sankhani kachidutswa ka m'magazini, ndiyeno wosinthayo atenge kachidutswa kakang'ono m'magazini kapena nsonga yopota kuti asinthanitsanitse, kuika kachidutswa katsopano kamene kali m'magaziniyo, ndikubwezeretsanso kakang'ono kakale m'magazini. Magaziniyi ili ndi mphamvu yaikulu ndipo imatha kuikidwa pambali kapena pamwamba pamutu. Popeza pali spindle imodzi yokha mu headstock ya makina ndi zodziwikiratu chida kusintha magazini, ndi rigidity wa zigawo zikuluzikulu spindle ayenera kukhala mkulu kukwaniritsa zofunika Machining mwatsatanetsatane. Kuphatikiza apo, kuchuluka kwa ma bits m'magaziniyi ndi kwakukulu, kotero kuti njira zambiri zosinthira magawo ovuta zimatha kuchitidwa, zomwe zimathandizira kwambiri kusinthika komanso kukonza bwino kwa makinawo. Dongosolo la ATC lokhala ndi magazini ndiloyenera malo obowola ndi malo opangira makina.

Momwe Mungasankhire Magazini ndi Chida?

Chida cha Magazini

Magazini yachidayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusungirako ma bits angapo a rauta, omwe amatha kusinthanitsa ndi ma bits pa spindle kudzera pa manipulator. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya magazini, monga magazini amtundu wa disc ndi magazini amtundu wa chain. Maonekedwe ndi mphamvu za magazini ziyenera kutsimikiziridwa malinga ndi kukula kwa luso la makina. M'magazini ya chida cha disc, mayendedwe a router bit ali munjira yofanana ndi spindle. Pamene kusintha pang'ono, ndi spindle bokosi limakwera ku malo enaake, kotero kuti pang'ono pa spindle limagwirizana ndi malo pansi pa magazini, ndi rauta pang'ono ndi clamped, spindle ali pansi pa ulamuliro wa kompyuta, kumasula chogwirira, ndi chimbale chida magazini chikupita patsogolo, chikoka panja rauta pa opota, ndiyeno magazini atembenuza pang'ono ntchito mu ndondomeko yotsatira magazini ndi pang'onopang'ono kupota malo opota kumbuyo, kupota lopota dzenje, ulusi wopota umatchinga chogwirizira, bokosi la spindle limatsitsidwa kumalo ogwirira ntchito, ntchito yosinthira zida yatha, ndipo njira yotsatira ikuyamba kugwira ntchito. Ubwino wa chida ichi chosinthira chipangizocho ndi chosavuta pamapangidwe, otsika mtengo, komanso kudalirika kosintha bwino. Choyipa chake ndi chakuti nthawi yosintha ndi yayitali, ndipo ndiyoyenera malo opangira makina okhala ndi magazini ang'onoang'ono. Kwa malo opangira makina omwe amafunikira magazini ambiri, magazini ya chida cha unyolo idzagwiritsidwa ntchito. Magaziniyi ili ndi kamangidwe kakang'ono komanso magazini yaikulu. Maonekedwe a mphete ya unyolo amatha kupangidwa kukhala mitundu yosiyanasiyana malinga ndi momwe makinawo amapangidwira. Mawonekedwe, malo osinthika amathanso kutulutsidwa kuti athandizire kusintha. Pamene chiwerengero cha ma bits a router chiyenera kuwonjezereka, ndikofunikira kuwonjezera kutalika kwa unyolo, zomwe zimabweretsa mosavuta kupanga ndi kupanga magazini.

Njira Yosankhira Zida

Pali zambiri zomwe zasungidwa m'magazini. Pamaso pa kusintha kulikonse, pang'ono ayenera kusankhidwa. Njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito posankha zida zimaphatikizapo njira yotsatizana ndi njira yosasinthika. Zidazo zimayikidwa mwa omwe ali ndi magaziniyo motsatira ndondomeko zomwe zimafunikira. Kukonza ndikusintha ma bits motsatana. Pokonza ma workpieces osiyanasiyana, dongosolo la ma bits mu magazini liyenera kusinthidwanso. Ubwino wake ndikuti kuyendetsa ndi kuwongolera kwa magazini ndizosavuta. Choncho, njira imeneyi ndi oyenera kusintha chida basi ang'onoang'ono ndi sing'anga-kakulidwe kompyuta manambala kulamulira makina ndi magulu lalikulu processing ndi ochepa workpiece mitundu. Ndi chitukuko cha machitidwe owongolera manambala, machitidwe ambiri owongolera manambala amatengera njira yosankhira zida mwachisawawa, yomwe imagawidwa m'mitundu itatu ya zida zolembera zida, zolembera zida ndi mtundu wa kukumbukira.

Tool Coding Njira

Khodi yachida kapena nambala yogwirizira iyenera kuzindikirika poyika chikhomo pa chida kapena chogwirizira, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimalembedwa molingana ndi mfundo ya binary coding. Njira yosankhidwa imatengera mawonekedwe apadera a chida, ndipo chidutswa chilichonse chimakhala ndi code yake, kotero kuti pang'ono chitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito m'njira zosiyanasiyana, ndipo chosinthidwacho sichiyenera kubwezeretsedwanso muchosungira choyambirira. Magazini yochuluka ikhoza kuchepetsedwa moyenerera. Komabe, kachidutswa kalikonse kali ndi mphete yapadera yokhotakhota, kutalika kwake kumatalikitsidwa, kumakhala kovuta kupanga, ndipo kapangidwe kake ka magazini ndi wowongolera kumakhala kovuta. Njira yolembera ya chogwirizira ndikuti mpeni umodzi umagwirizana ndi chotengera chimodzi. Zida zochotsedwa pachosungira chimodzi ziyenera kubwezeretsedwanso pachosungira chimodzi. Zosankha ndi malo zimakhala zovuta ndipo zimatenga nthawi yayitali kuti zisinthe. Pakalipano, njira yokumbukira imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'malo opangira makina. Mwa njira iyi, chiwerengero ndi udindo wa mwiniwakeyo mu magazini akhoza kusungidwa mu PLC ya CNC dongosolo moyenerera. Chidziwitso cha zida nthawi zonse chimasungidwa mu PLC, mosasamala kanthu kuti chidacho chayikidwamo. Mwanjira iyi chidacho chikhoza kuchotsedwa ndikubwezeredwa mwakufuna. Palinso chiyambi cha makina pa magazini, kotero kuti nthawi iliyonse mpeni ukasankhidwa, mpeni wapafupi udzasankhidwa.

Mapulogalamu

ATC CNC rauta makina angagwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, monga mipando ndi kukonza nyumba, zamanja zamatabwa, makabati, zowonetsera, malonda, zida zoimbira kapena mwatsatanetsatane zida zipolopolo processing mafakitale. Ndipo zida zomwe zimatha kukonzedwa makamaka zimaphatikizapo zinthu zosiyanasiyana zosakhala zitsulo monga matabwa, galasi, mwala, pulasitiki, acrylic, ndi zida zotetezera.

Kupanga matabwa

Zitseko zakunyumba, 3D makina opangira ma wave board, zitseko za kabati, zitseko zamatabwa zolimba, zitseko zamatabwa zamatabwa, zitseko zopanda utoto, zowonera, kupanga mazenera amisiri, opukuta nsapato, makabati amakina amasewera ndi mapanelo, matebulo apakompyuta ndi kupanga mipando.

Kupanga Zinthu

Itha kupanga zisankho zachitsulo monga mkuwa, aluminiyamu, chitsulo ndi zina, komanso zopanda zitsulo monga nkhuni, mwala, pulasitiki, PVC, ndi zina.

Kutsatsa & Hobbyists

Kupanga zikwangwani, kupanga ma logo, kulemba zilembo, kudula kwa acrylic, kupanga matuza, ndi zokongoletsera.

Kupanga Ma Industrial

Ikhoza kupanga mitundu yonse ya ziboliboli zazithunzi ndi ziboliboli zothandizira, zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale amisiri ndi mphatso.

Kusaka zolakwika

CNC rauta yokhala ndi ATC ndiye gulu lamphamvu kwambiri pamakina owongolera manambala apakompyuta. Ngakhale mphamvu ndi liwiro la Machining sizingafanane ndi makina ena owongolera manambala apakompyuta, monga zida zamakina okhazikika, kuyang'anira ndi kukonza tsiku lililonse ndikofunikira kwambiri. Rauta ya CNC yokhala ndi chosinthira chida ndiyosiyana kwambiri ndi njira zozindikirira ndi kuzindikira zolakwika zamakina wamba owongolera manambala apakompyuta.

Njira Yoyang'anira Makina Ogwiritsa Ntchito

Njira yoyang'anira ntchito ndi njira yowonera ndikuwunika momwe makinawo akugwirira ntchito kuti adziwe komwe akusokonekera ndipo potero kutsata chomwe chimayambitsa cholakwikacho. Nthawi zambiri, zida zamakina owongolera manambala apakompyuta zimatenga zida zowongolera ma hydraulic ndi pneumatic, monga chosinthira chida chosinthira, chida chatebulo chosinthira, zida zosinthira ndi zida zotumizira, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zitha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kudziwa chomwe chayambitsa cholakwikacho kudzera mumayendedwe oyenda.

State Analysis Njira

Dongosolo la CNC silingangowonetsa zidziwitso zodziwikiratu zolakwika, komanso limapereka mayiko osiyanasiyana a matenda mwanjira ya adilesi ya matenda ndi chidziwitso cha matenda. Mwachitsanzo, pamene dongosolo likubwerera ku malo owonetsera molakwika, mukhoza kuyang'ana mtengo wamtengo wapatali wa parameter yoyenera kuti mudziwe chifukwa cha kulephera.

CNC Programming Check Njira

Njira yowunika pulogalamu ya CNC imatchedwanso njira yoyesera ntchito. Ndi njira yotsimikizira chifukwa cha kulephera polemba gawo la pulogalamu yapadera yoyesera. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito njira yopangira madongosolo kuti mupange pulogalamu yoyeserera ntchito zamakina (monga kuyika mizere, kutanthauzira kozungulira, kudula ulusi, kuzungulira zamzitini, mapulogalamu akuluakulu ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi zina), ndikuyendetsa pulogalamu yoyeserera kuti muwone kulondola ndi kudalirika kwa makinawo kuti achite izi, ndiyeno kudziwa chomwe chalephereka. Kaŵirikaŵiri pulogalamu yoyesera imalembedwa ndi malangizo okonzera makinawo, ndipo pulogalamuyo imayendetsedwa pamene cholakwika chichitika kuti adziwe chomwe chiri cholakwa.

Njira Yoyang'anira Zida

Njira yoyang'anira zida imatanthawuza kugwiritsa ntchito zida zamagetsi wamba kuyeza voteji pagulu lililonse lamagetsi a AC ndi DC, gawo la DC ndi ma pulse sign, etc., kuti apeze zolakwika.

Numerical Control System Self-Diagnosis Njira

Kudzifufuza kwadongosolo lachiwerengero cha chiwerengero ndi njira yodziwira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yodzidziwitsa nokha kapena pulogalamu yapadera yodziwira matenda a dongosolo kuti adziwonetsere yekha ndikuyesa zida zofunikira mkati mwa dongosolo ndi mapulogalamu olamulira a dongosolo. Zimaphatikizapo kudzidziwitsa nokha, kuyang'anira pa intaneti ndi kuyesa popanda intaneti. Makina a CNC amagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lodzizindikiritsa, lomwe limatha kuwonetsa mawonekedwe amtundu wa mawonekedwe pakati pa dongosolo ndi gawo lililonse, ndikupeza komwe cholakwikacho. Ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuzindikira zolakwika.